Global Formulation and Control of a Class of Nonholonomic Systems

This thesis study motion of a class of non-holonomic systems using geometric mechanics, that provide us an efficient way to formulate and analyze the dynamics and their temporal evolution on the configuration manifold. The kinematics equations of the system, viewed as a rigid body, are constrained by the requirement that the system maintain contact with the surface. They describe the constrained translation of the point of contact on the surface. In this thesis, we have considered three different examples with nonholonomic constraint i-e knife edge or pizza cutter, a circular disk rolling without slipping, and rolling sphere. For each example, the kinematics equations of the system are defined without the use of local coordinates, such that the model is globally defined on the manifold without singularities or ambiguities. Simulation results are included that show effectiveness of the proposed control laws

Cultural Impacts of Turkish Dramas on Life Style of Pakistani House Wives

This research explores the impacts of the Turkish dramas on the life style of Pakistani house wives that to what extent the Turkish dramas are influencing their values and practices. As in recent past popularity of the Turkish dramas has been increased significantly among Pakistani women. Thus, in this study it is explored that whether Turkish dramas are putting a great influence on dressing, food habits and marriage ceremonies. In Pakistani society, whereby women are treated especially according to the Islamic ways which applied some rules and regulations on the women. However, it is matter of fact that Turkish dramas on aired in Pakistan have some bold dressings and scenes which are more consistent with the European lifestyle. Findings revealed that Pakistani women’s like to use Turkish dresses as they watch in Turkish dramas especially those women which are heavy viewers of the Turkish dramas they get more influence. These results are consistent with the assumptions of the cultivation theory. Keywords: Turkish dramas, Culture, Pakistan, House wives and Life style

Investigating the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Quality Management Practices

Leadership styles and quality management practices play an important role in organizational success. Leadership styles have deeper impact in designing, formulating and implementing organizational strategies to cope with the technological development. Very few studies investigate the relationship between leadership styles and quality management practices. Most of these research works is conducted in developed countries and little literature was found in the developing countries like Pakistan. In the current research study, the researcher conduct it in small and medium enterprises sector of Pakistan to validate the relationship between transformation, transactional leadership styles and quality management practices. For this purpose data was collected from a sample (150) of employees working in small and medium enterprises like banking sector through questionnaires that was adapted from previous research studies. Data was then entered into SPSS in order to apply the different statistical tools and testing of hypothesis. Results indicate that all the variables have significant and positive relationship. In the direct relationship transformational leadership was strongly associated with implementation of quality management practices, while transactional leadership style was less associated to quality management practices. Keywords: Leadership styles, Quality management practices & Small and medium enterprises

Environmental impact of heavy metal pollution in natural aquatic systems

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The distribution of heavy metals between soil and soil solutions is a key issue in evaluating the environmental impact of long term applications of heavy metals to land. Contamination of soils by heavy metals has been reported by many workers. Metal adsorption is affected by many factors, including soil pH, clay mineralogy, abundance of oxides and organic matter, soil composition and solution ionic strength. The pH is one of the many factors affecting mobility of heavy metals in soils and it is likely to be the most easily managed and the most significant. To provide the appropriate level of protection for aquatic life and other uses of the resource, it is important to be able to predict the environmental distribution of important metals on spatial and temporal scales and to do so with particular emphasis on the water column concentrations. Regulatory levels reflected in water quality criteria or standards are based on water column concentrations. Predicting water column concentrations requires a consideration of the interactions of water column contaminants with both bed sediments and suspended particulates as critical components in the assessment. The adsorption behaviour of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc onto soils is studied under the various geo-environmental conditions of pH, concentration of adsorbate and adsorbent, and solution compositions. Experiments were conducted to determine the equilibrium contact time of various adsorbates for adsorbent in different systems. Experiments were also conducted to check the efficiency of various acid-mixtures to extract heavy metal from soils into the aqueous phase. The adsorption behaviour of heavy metals onto soils was also studied from sea-water system. Soils are characterized in terms of the role of clay minerals to remove the metals from the solution phase, back-ground levels of metals, maximum adsorption capacity to adsorb various heavy metals from different adsorption systems, and type of surface sites present. The experimental data of metal adsorption is described by Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorption data are also expressed in terms of surface loading, surface acidity, adsorption density, and affinity of soils for heavy metals in different adsorption systems. Ecological implications of changes in physical and chemical conditions in aquatic systems on heavy metals uptake by soils are also discussed. This research covers the following areas: the environmental impact of heavy metal discharge into the aquatic systems, the study of the mobility patterns of different heavy metals as function of geo-environmental conditions, and determination of the pathways and the ultimate fate of heavy metals in the environment.Ministry of Science & Technology, Pakista

The Impact of Demographics upon the Leadership Styles and the Quality Management Practices

The enterprises needs a leader who is capable to get together the vision and mission, human resource and competitive strategy that creatively and innovatively is able to become a world class enterprise. Leadership is an important factor in initiating and implementing the transformation of quality management within enterprise. Leadership can be defined as process of affecting activities in a group organized to achieve the goal. Leadership changes a potential to a reality and it becomes the main activity giving success to enterprise. Leadership style is a process of affecting activities in a specific way and within an organized group towards the achievement of distinguished objective. Leadership concept developed within institution is transformational and transactional and these concepts have a base on style, behavior and situation of a leader. Leadership styles are reflected in practices and states of mind; however these thusly are the result of complex associations between the way the individual think and feel. In this regard, the role of personal attributes is also significant with respect to leadership styles and quality management practices. Keywords: Demographics, Leadership Styles & Quality Management Practice

Islam and contemporary society: emerging paradigms to explain muslim communities

There is hardly any country, where most of the people do not follow a particular religious view, but no other religious groups need to address so many controversies as the Muslims do. Islam is no more merely a religion; it is a political agenda, a manifestation of orthodoxy, an enticement to establish particular ideology and many more. Islam has integrated a variety of political and social facet into it; hence diversity in comprehension emerged. Various scholars analyzed numerous aspects of Islam. This paper attempts to narrate the most imperative aspects of Islam in the modern day and tries to delineate the significant role that Islam plays in the life and living of individuals of all around the world

The Leadership Styles and Quality Management: A Literature Review

The present research leads to explore the relationship among leadership and quality management practices. The current study focuses on examining the impact of transformational and transactional leadership on quality management practices with respect to different organizations that has a system of quality management. Quality management practices are the basic ingredient of total quality management and play a significant role in development of the country. Though, the theoretical evidence about the quality management and leadership styles is well explored by researcher but still it is bit confusing that which type of leadership is the most suitable to these organizations. In this regard, the current study shortly explore by utilizing the existing research regarding the above said phenomenon. Keywords: Leadership Styles and Quality Managemen